e-Assessment is the end-to-end electronic assessment processes where ICT is used for the presentation for assessment activity, and the recording of responses. This includes the end-to-end assessment process from the perspective of learners, tutors, learning establishments, awarding bodies and regulators, and the general public. Definition - JISC Effective Practice with e-Assessment http://www.jisc.ac.uk/media/documents/themes/elearning/effpraceassess.pdf
Thus, e-assessment is concerned with the formative as well as the summative learning process.
There are both advantages and issues surrounding e-assessment.